News and Your Views

Some food groups in the Mediterranean diet are more important than others in promoting health and longer life, Eating more vegetables, fruits, nuts, pulses and olive oil, and drinking moderate amounts of alcohol, while not consuming a lot of meat or excessive amounts of alcohol is linked to people living longer.

However, the study also claims, that following a Mediterranean diet high in fish, seafood and cereals and low in dairy products were not indicators of longevity.

While several studies have concluded that the Mediterranean diet improves chances of living longer, this is the first to investigate the importance of individual components of the diet.

Professor Dimitrios Trichopoulos at the Harvard School of Public Health explains that they have surveyed over 23,000 men and women who were participants in the Greek segment of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).

Participants were given dietary and lifestyle questionnaires when they enrolled onto the study and they were subsequently followed up for around 8.5 years with interviews. Their diets were rated from 0 to 10 based on the level of conformity to a traditional Mediterranean diet.

As part of the interview process, participants were also asked about their smoking status, levels of physical activity and whether they had ever been diagnosed with cancer, diabetes and heart disease.

The authors maintain that when high intake of vegetables, low intake of meat or moderate alcohol intake were excluded from the rating system, the benefits of following a Mediterranean diet were substantially reduced. They also note that there are clear benefits in combining several of the key components, for example high consumption of vegetables and olive oil.

Professor Trichopoulou, lead author of the study, concludes that the main reasons why the Mediterranean diet can lead to living longer are moderate consumption of ethanol (mostly in the form of wine during meals, as traditionally done in the Mediterranean countries), low consumption of meat and meat products, and high consumption of vegetables, fruits and nuts, olive oil and legumes.

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Researchers are attempting, with the help of a special African tea, to develop a new treatment for type-2 diabetics. The tea is used as a treatment in traditional Nigerian medicine and is produced from the extract of Rauvolfia Vomitoria leaves and the fruit of Citrus aurantium. The scientists have recently tested the tea on patients with type-2 diabetes and the results are promising.

The researchers have harvested the ingredients for the tea in Africa, totalling approximately fifty kilos of leaves and three hundred kilos of fruit from the wild nature of Nigeria. Afterwards the tea has been produced exactly as local healers would do so. The recipe is quite simple: boil the leaves, young stalks and fruit and filter the liquid.

First mice, then humans

Associate professor Per Mølgaard and postdoc Joan Campbell-Tofte from the Department of Medicinal Chemistry have previously tested the tea on genetically diabetic mice. The results of the tests showed that after six weeks of daily treatment with the African tea, combined with a low-fat diet, resulted in changes in the combination and amount of fat in the animals’ eyes and protection of the fragile pancreas of the mice.

The researchers have recently completed a four month long clinical test on 23 patients with type-2 diabetes and are more than satisfied with the result.

“The research subjects drank 750ml of tea each day. The [tea] appears to differentiate itself from other current type-2 diabetes treatments because the tea does not initially affect the sugar content of the blood. But after four months of treatment with tea we can, however, see a significant increase in glucose tolerance,” said postdoc Joan Campbell-Tofte from the University of Copenhagen.

Changes in fatty acid composition

The clinical tests show another pattern in the changes in fatty acid composition with the patients treated in comparison with the placebo group.

“In the patient group who drank the tea, the number of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased. That is good for the body’s cells because the polyunsaturated fat causes the cell membranes to be more permeable, which results in the cells absorbing glucose better from the blood,” said Joan Campbell-Tofte.

The researchers hope that new clinical tests and scientific experiments in the future will result in a new treatment for type-2 diabetics.

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What is Thin Computing and Zero Client Computing?
Thin Computing delivers the productivity people need, at a lower cost than traditional methods, all without compromising security or manageability. Thin Computing replaces the PC with a Thin or Zero Client, making it easier for IT to manage user desktops by moving their complexity to the datacenter. Analysts agree that this approach improves the reliability and security of information, dramatically lowers IT costs, reduces energy consumption, and is far better for the environment. Yet Thin Computing still provides the access to applications and data that people need in order to move the business forward. All while improving on the security, reliability, and availability of PCs.

People often make the mistake of thinking that Thin Computing is just another name for thin-client computing. Actually, Thin Computing includes hardware services and software that work with Thin Clients, Zero Clients, and PCs, as well as wireless devices and other systems. It gives everybody in the organization secure access to the information and the applications they need, without requiring the desktop systems to store them.

Why Thin Computing and Why Now?
Today, as much as 80 percent of IT’s budget is allocated to maintenance, making it very hard for any IT organization to add value to the business. Chief Information Officers have seen their titles evolve to Chief Infrastructure Officer, as they are totally consumed by the need to avoid regulatory problems and keep things running at the same time. Thin Computing not only reduces the cost to deliver desktop computing by as much as 40 percent or more, it also frees IT staff time to focus on more strategic initiatives.

Additionally, the increased availability of high-bandwidth network connections and the sophistication of datacenter architectures based on Microsoft Windows Terminal Services, Citrix Application Delivery, or VMware Virtual Desktop Infrastructure, allow Thin Computing solutions to run at desktop speeds, and display rich multimedia like never before. This makes it easier and more acceptable for business professionals to use Thin Clients in mission-critical applications.

What is Zero Client Computing?
The majority of today’s thin clients have a small OS in them that provides the functionality to securely connect to servers and display applications for workers. The small amount of software in these devices is why they’re called “thin” clients. Enterprises have successfully adopted this technology in the millions of units, and for some, there is an opportunity to make the desktop or mobile device even thinner – called a Zero Client. A Zero Client has no local OS pre-installed on the unit. This information is provisioned to the desktop (like a cell phone is provisioned when purchased) when it is powered up, based on the worker’s role in the organization. Zero Clients cost less, and don’t need to be managed, but require more network bandwidth than Thin Clients.

Why Wyse Thin Computing?
Wyse is the worldwide leader in Thin Computing, offering Thin and Zero Clients before anyone else. Wyse software makes it easy to provision, manage, update, and even service any Thin or Zero Client from one central location. After all, it’s much easier and more cost-effective to manage several servers than thousands of individual desktop PCs. And with no moving parts thanks to solid-state technology, Wyse Thin and Zero Clients deliver greater reliability, availability, and lower cost of ownership than other solutions.

Wyse Thin Computing Hardware

Enterprises spend billions of dollars each year to ensure that their desktop computer systems are secure, reliable, and agile. Wyse elegantly, easily, and affordably eliminates most of these problems and expenses.

Wyse Thin Clients are the leading thin-computing solution worldwide. Our thin clients run Windows, Java, Linux, UNIX, and web-based applications safely on central servers using a thin computing protocol. Applications do not traverse the network and are not downloaded to the thin client, eliminating the security and bandwidth issues common with PCs.

Wyse accessories and add-ons are the simplest, most powerful way to improve the management and functionality of Wyse Thin Clients. With these additional products, administrators can provide users with expanded security and performance.

Wyse Thin-Computing Software

Wyse software products make thin computing easier, more productive, and more effective than alternate desktops.

Client OS

With Wyse Thin OS installed in the client, applications display over RDP and ICA several times faster than on other full-featured embedded operating systems. Because the Wyse Thin OS also does not have a publicly exposed API that can be exploited by hackers, you get the utmost security from viruses and malicious software.

Wyse Thin OS

Wyse Thin OS is ideal for departments and organizations that need support for Citrix ICA, Microsoft RDP, VMware VDI, or Wyse Enterprise Desktop Virtualization environments. It delivers a fast boot time, virus and malware immunity, and outstanding performance in a thin-computing environment.

Wyse Thin OS offers the utmost security and protection from viruses and malicious software because the operating system does not have a publicly exposed API that can be exploited by hackers. Also, since Wyse Thin OS centrally stores and manages all data and applications, desktop devices store no data, further protecting sensitive information. Image management is automated via DHCP and FTP, while Wyse Device Manager (formerly Rapport) handles additional remote device management.

Source : www.wyse.com/thincomputing/

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Toronto, March 30 : A fight between a Canadian couple upset their faithful dog so much that he attacked them to end the fight.

But in the process, the dog bloodied the husband and his wife so badly that they had to be rushed to hospital for multiple stitches.

The incident happened Friday night in Calgary city when a pit bull cross got angry as it saw his masters fighting. According to Calgary Herald, the pit bull cross attacked its owners when the couple began shouting at each other loudly.

A police spokesman told the newspaper said the attack began just before 9 p.m. when the argument between the man and woman became nasty.

The dog first attacked the man and then the woman.

“The man managed to get the dog off, but the woman could not,” said the police spokesman.

“They were both bitten very seriously, all over their bodies, head, face, neck, arms, everywhere,” he added.

The bleeding couple were immediately rushed to hospital where they received multiple stitches for bite injuries.

Ed Karout, a neighbour who witnessed the attack, told the newspaper, the dog was “all over” the woman. “The dog was actually bitting at her and pulling at her.

“It was pretty bad.”

He said, “I saw blood all over her shirt. She was trying to get into the house. (The man) was trying to pull her in, and the (dog was) dragging her back out.”

He said he started honking his horn to distract the dog, but it didn’t work.

The dog was captured and handed over to veterinary authorities, police said.

Moral of the Story : Dog is wise, than Human (women)

Source : http://supari.org/wise-dog/

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( 1)Medical research money would be spent on developing new birth control methods for men.
( 2)Women with cold hands would give men prostate exams.
( 3)Men would be forced to purchase overpriced clothes every season.
( 4)Overweight men would be encouraged to wear girdles.
( 5)PMS would be a legitimate defense in court.
( 6)Shopping would be considered an aerobic activity.
( 7)Men would get reputations for sleeping around.
( 8)”Ms. Magazine” would have an annual swimsuit issue featuring scantily clad male models.
( 9)Men who designed women’s shoes would be forced to wear them.
(10)Men would not be allowed to eat gas-producing foods within two hours of bedtime.
(11)Men would earn 70 cents for every dollar women make.
(12)Men would learn phrases like: I’m sorry, I love you, You’re beautiful, Of course you don’t look fat in that outfit, Go to sleep-I’ll take care of the baby, etc.
(13)Men would be judged entirely by their looks, women by their accomplishments.
(14)Men would pay as much attention to their women as their cars.
(15)All toilet seats would be nailed down.
(16)All men would be forced to spend one month in a PMS simulator.
(17)Men would have their wedding rings permanently attached so they can’t pretend to be single.
(18)For basic training, soldiers would have to take care of a two-year old for six weeks.

A Man’s opinion of what the world would be like if women ran it…

1. Contact Sports event would only be 20 mins.
2. Defence Force uniforms would be designed by Armani, Gucci, DKNY, Calvin Klein.
3. Men would be sent in concentration camps where we would endure such painfully boring and useless crap like; Relationship Analysis, Parenthood, Monogamy, Art and Craft, Arts Appreciation, Mixing and Matching Clothes 101.
4. Shopping hours would extend to midnight every day.
5. Burger king would have to make Organically grown, no fat, no taste food. 
6. Major headlines in all newspapers would usually be about which male heartthrob is getting hitched and where the sales are happening are in town.
7. Speed limits would be around 15 mph or 35 kph in metric scale countries, because that’s the safest speed produced by women who are putting on makeup while they drive.
8. The new series of survivor would be made inside five star resort and challenge would consist of buying clothes at K-Mart and Target.
9. There would be cosmetic hop up shops like car hop up shops.
10. There will be no more public holidays as we know it, cos Women will be taking days of every 28 days anyway. 
11. No financial decisions would be made without a woman’s sayso.
12. They would have Tupperware, Diet, Jenny Craig, Tampon commercials during the Superbowl.
13. We would go in a construction site wearing a suit.
14. Men who achieve great thing in the name of science and technological progression and advancement would be ignored. Women who discover a new shade of colour for a lipstick would receive the nobel price.
15. The pulitzer prize will no longer be judged on journalistic excellence, but on who has the biggest gossip on what celebrity. 
16. Schools would no longer be named after great men like Gorge Washington, and such but after women like Hillary Clinton, Oprah, Betty Crocker and the dickhead who designed the Mall of America.
17. Six-pack beers would be replaced by six-pack champagne in lil wine bottles.
18. Hooters would be replaced by a Salad bar which has male waitresses wearing nothing but underwear.
19. Medical research on curing diseases would be replaced by Curing cosmetic defects such as moles, web feet, Freckles, and pimples from childbirth.
20. The new International Space Station would have a powder room and be able to access Oprah and Daytime TV from wherever in orbit they are.

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Men who wore a penile extender [ search Google-image for picture of Device ] every day for six months were able to increase the flaccid length of their penis by up to 32% and their erectile function by up to 36%, according to an independent clinical study published in the medical journel.

Researchers from San Giovanni Battista Hospital at the University of Turin, Italy, are now suggesting that this treatment could provide a viable alternative to surgery, as the results were significant and patient satisfaction with the technique was high.

“Twenty-one highly motivated patients, with an average age of 47, were enrolled and 16 completed the 12-month study” says consultant urologist Dr Paolo Gontero.

“Having undergone psychosexual counselling, to make sure that the treatment would be beneficial, the men were asked to wear the Andro-Penis device for between four and six hours a day for six months. The device comprises a plastic ring, two dynamic rods that produce the traction and a silicon band to hold the penis in place. The men were told to increase the traction from 600g in month one to up to 1 200g in month six. Follow ups were performed in months one, three, six and 12.”

Key findings included:

• Men who took part in the study wore the device for an average of five hours in the first month, five hours in the third month and four hours in the sixth month.
• The men’s average flaccid penile length was 7.15cm at baseline and had increased by 32% to 9.45cm in month 12.
• The men’s average stretched penile length was 9.62cm at baseline and had increased by 18% to 11.32 cm in month 12.
• No significant increase in penile girth, which averaged 10.4cm at baseline, was reported.
• Average erectile function scores improved by up to 36%, from 19.9 out of 30 at baseline to 27.1 out of 30 at 12 months.
• Four patients discontinued the treatment for four different reasons: pain and penile bruising, satisfactory results after three months, lack of efficacy and inability to follow the protocol. Another was lost to follow-up.
• High satisfaction levels were reported in all categories except penile girth. The average score for overall satisfaction was 2.8 on a scale of zero to four, where four represents the optimal result.
• Flaccid penile length scored 2.31 on a scale of zero to three, where three represents significant improvement. Penile length during erection scored 2.37 out of three and sex life 2.3. Penile girth scored 1.1.

“A number of surgical procedures are available that aim to elongate the shaft of the penis or enlarge the penile girth” says Gontero. “However these have a number of disadvantages, including a lack of standardisation, potential risk of complications and high patient dissatisfaction.

“It should also be pointed out that the majority of men who seek help for a small penis fail to meet the clinical criteria for surgery. For example, only one of the men in our study had a flaccid penis length of less than 4cm and American guidelines strongly discourage surgery if men exceed this measurement. Twelve had dysmorphia (excessive dislike of a body part) and the remaining eight had undergone surgery for curvature of the shaft.”

The authors believe that the results are significant.

“Our study showed that the penile extender device produces an effective and durable lengthening of the penis, both in the flaccid and stretched state” concludes Gontero.

“If these results are confirmed by further research, we propose that the device should be used as a first-line treatment option for men seeking a penile lengthening procedure.”

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English Phrase Equiv.
Tulu Phrase Equiv.
Kannada Phrase Equiv.
Konkani Phrase (Hindu)
Konkani Phrase (Mangalorean Christian) - ( use n silent )
Telugu Phrase Equiv.
Malayalam Phrase Equiv.
Marathi Phrase Equiv.

Are you married ?
Eereg madme aathunda ?
Nimige madhuve aagideya ?
Tugeli vardik jalya ve ?
Tuje kajar jalangi ? (OR) tu kajarigi
Neeku pelli ayyinda ?
Nintae kalyanam kazhijoo?
Tuje Lagna Zale Ahe Ka?

Beautiful girl
Porlu ponnu
Chandada hudugi (Sundhara Hennu)
Chandi chelli
Sobit chedun
Andhamyna ammaiyee
Sundari pennu
Sunder Mulagi

Come in , be seated
Bale, kullule
Banni, kulithu
kollibital yo, bais.
bithar ye, boss
lopali ki ra , kurcho
Varoo, kayari irikku
Ye, Bus.

Did you have your food?
Vanas aanda ?
Oota Aayitha?
javan jalle ve?
Jevan jalengi ? (OR) jevlaigi ?
Bhojanamu chaisava ?
Than bhakshanam kazhichoo
Tuje Jevan Zale Ka?

Do you have Children ?
Eereg jokulu unda ?
Nimige makkalu iddara?
Charduva Asa ve tukka ?
tuka burgin asathgi ?
Neeku pellalu vunnara ?
Ninaku ethra kuttikalaanu?
Tula Mule Ahet Ka?

Do you know?
Goththa?
Goththe?
Gotasa ve tukka?
gottu asagi tuka ?
Neeku thylusa ?
Ninakku ariyamoo
Tula Mahit Ahe ka?

Do you speak English ?
Eareg English barpunda?
Nimige English gotha?
Tukka English yei ve?
tuka english wulonounk yethagi ?
Meeru english matlada galava ?
Ninakoo English samsarikkan ariyamoo?
Tule English bolta yete ka?

Don’t mention it.
Thondare ijji.
Paravaagilla.
Audna.
wodnai
Parva laydhu.
Saramilla
Bolayachi garaj nahi.

He is very good.
Baaree yedd jana.
Bahala olleya manushya.
Tho manishu chang asa.
tho boro manis
Athadu chala manchi vadu.
Avan valarae nalla manushyanaa
To Khup Changla Ahe.

His name is …
Aarena pudar …
Avara hesaru …
Tagele naav.
taje naaun
Athani payru…
Avantae paeru..
Tyche Nav

How are you ?
Yencha Ullar?
Hege idhira?
Tu kashi asa?
koso asai
Yela vunnaru ?
Ninaku sugham anoo
Tu Kasa Aahes?

How do you say this in tulu ?
Undena tulutu yencha panpuna?
Idhannu tuluvalli hege helodu?
Ye tulu bashetu kashi ulloche?
yen tuluwenth kashen sangche
eid yela chappali in tulu ?
Ithu tuluvil enganayaa parayunnae
He tu tulu madhye kase bolnar?

How much does this cost?
Nek yeth bele ?
Idhake yestu bele?
Hakka mol kitle ?
hak kitlen, (OR) mol kitlen
dini karudhu yantha ?
Ehinu ethrayaa vila
Hyachi kimmat kay aahe?

I am a bachelor.
Yank madme aathijji.
Nanide maduve aagilla.
Megeli vardik jahini
haun aunkaar (OR) haun Kajari nahi
Neynu bramahcharini
Nyan brammachari
Me bramhachari aahe.

I am doing well.
Yaan Sowkhya.
Naanu Sowkhya.
Aav husar asa.
Boron asan
neynu bagunna nu.
Nyan sughamaayi erikkunoo
Me thik aahe.

I am married.
Yank madme aathund.
Nanige maduve aagide.
Megeli vardhik jalya.
Haun kajari (OR) Mojen kajar jalan
naaku pelli ayyindi.
Nyan kalyanam kazhichathanu
Maze lagna zale aahe.

I don’t know tulu.
Yank tulu barpujji.
Nanige tulu barudhilla.
Maka tulu yana
maka tulu yena (OR) Maka tulu gottuna
Naaku tulu thyliyadhu.
Enikku Tulu ariyilla
Mala tulu yet nahi.

I have three sons( daughters).
Yank mooji aaan (ponnu) jokulu undu.
Nanige mooru gandu (hennu) makkalu idhare.
makka teen chede (cheldua)
maka teen cherke (cheduan)
naaku muggaru kodukulu( kuthullu)
Enikku moonu aankuttikalanu
Mala teen mulage(muli) ahet.

I know.
Yank Goththu.
Nanage Goththu.
vaive
haun jana
Naaku thylusu.
Eniku ariyaam
Mala mahit aahe.

I know little tulu.
Yank onthe tulu barpundu.
Nanige swalpa tulu barthadhe.
makka thodeshe tulu yetta
haun illeshi tulu jana
Naaku koddiga tulu thylusu.
Enniku Tulu kurachu ariyaam
Mala thode tulu yete.

I know Mangalore well.
Yank Mangalore gotthundu.
Nanige Mangalore gotthuntu.
Makka mangalore gotasa
haun kodiyaal jana
Naaku Mangaloure baga thylusu.
Enikku Manglore nannayi ariyaam.
Mala mangalore changale mahit aahe.

I like Mangalore.
Yank mangalore yedde aapundu.
Nanige Mangalore ista aayitu.
Makka mangalore avadatha
maka kodiyala boren lagtha
Mangalore anteey naaku estamu.
Enikku Manglore valarae ishtammanu
mala mangalore avadate.

I will come back.
Yaan pera barpe.
Naanu vapasu baruthene.
Aav opasa yetta
haun patin yetan
neynu tirigi vasthanu.
Naan ippol varam
Me punha parat yein.

I will wait.
Yaan kapuve.
Naanu kayuthene.
Aav wait karta.
haun rakthan
neynu vaychi chaisthunu.
Naan kathu nilkkam
Me Waat baghen

Is there a Telephone nearby ?
Mulpa kaithaal telephone unda?
Hathiradhalli telephone unta?
Anga kahin telephone asa ve?
Hanga phone laggin asagi
ekkada daggaro lo telephone vunda ?
Evidae aduttu telephone ondoo?
Javalpas telephone aahe ka?

May I use your telephone?
Yaan onji phone malpolia?
Naanu ondu phone madale?
tuggelen phone waprunve ?
tuje phone waparungi ?
neynu mee telephone upayangi vacccha ?
Naan nintae telephone opayoogicootae.
Me tumcha telephone vaparoo shakato ka?

My name is …
Yanna pudar …
Nanna hesaru …
Megele naav ..
mojen naaun
naa payru
Entae paeru
Maze Naav…

No Thanks.
Bodchi solmelu.
Beda dhanyavaadagalu.
Thanks nak/ Audna ( means ok)
naka, devborekorun
vaddu dinayavadalu.
Saramilla..
nahi, dhanyavad.

Please come here.
Dayamalthu moolu bale.
Dayamadi illi banni.
Chikke anga yo.
dayakarn hanga ye
dayachaisi ekkada ki randi.
Evadae varoo
krupaya ekade ya.

Please give the bill.
Daya malthdu bill korle.
Dayamaadi bill kodi.
Chikke Bill Di.
dayakarna bill dee
dayachaisi bill evvaandi
Aa raseethu ingu tharoo
Krupaya bill dya.

Please help yourself.
Aaramad Balesonle.
Aaramavagi Balesukolli.
Swata madat karun ge.
dayakarn kange
meeku meeray chaisikondi.
Thaniyae shahayichoolu
Krupaya swatahala madad kara

Please wait for a moment.
Onji nimisha unthule.
Dayamadi ondu nimisha nilli.
Chikke rabata ve.
daykarna illechen rao
Okka nimishamu vaychi vundandi.
Oru nimisham nilkoo
Ek Minit thamba..

Thank you very much.
Mast Upakara.
Thumba danyavaadagalu.
Mast Thanks,
must dev borekorun
meeku chala danyavadalu.
Valarae nanni
Far Dhanyavad.

This is my house.
Avu yenna ill.
Adu nanna mane.
Ye megele ghar.
yen mujen ghar
edi na ellu.
Ethanu entae veedu
He maze ghar aahe..

Today is Sunday.
Eni Ithaara.
Evaththu bhaanuvaara.
Aagi Sunday/ Aagi ravivar.
aaj aithaar
ee roju adivaram
Innu nayar aanu
Aaj Ravivar aahe.

What do you need?
Eereg daada bodu?
Nimage yenu beku?
Tukka kasele zahi?
tuka kithe jai ?
neeku yami kavali ?
Ninakku entha vaendathe
Tula kay pahije aahe.

What is his name?
Aarena pudar daada?
Avara hesarenu?
Tagele naav kasale?
taje naavn kithen
athani payru yamiti ?
Avantae paeru enthanu
Tyche nav kay aahe.

What is that?
Avu daada?
Adu Yenu?
Te kasale?
ten kithen
adi yamiti ?
Athu enthanu
Te kay aahe.

What is your name ?
Irna pudar enchina?
Nimma hesaru yenu?
Tugele naav kasale?
Tuje naav kithen
nee payru yamiti ?
Enthau nintae peru
Tuze nav kay aahe.

What time is it now ?
Porthu yeth aand?
Gante yeshtu aayithu?
Ata gante kitle jalle?
Kithlin voran jalin aathan?
eppudu samayamu yantha ayyindi ?
Eppol samayam ethrayanu
Aata kiti vajale aahet ?

THANK YOU FOR THE CONTRIBUTION
Contributor for Mangalorean Konkani - Rudolph Dsouza
Contributor for Telugu - Achanta Srinivasarao
Contributor for Malayalam - Bejoy Ramakrishanan
Contributor for Marathi - Yeshwanth Rane

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Men are more likely than women to have problems with memory and other thinking skills, symptoms considered to be an early stage of dementia, research suggests.

The new study, to be presented at an annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurology in Chicago this week, expands the field of research on aging and memory into a touchy arena — cognitive differences among men and women.

Forgetfulness linked with aging, or just a frenzied day, is normal. Say, you misplace your car keys or wallet, or you can’t remember where you parked the car. Red flags should pop up when you start forgetting things you normally remember, and on a routine basis, such as weekly appointments, doctors say. These are signs of so-called mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which can lead to dementia.

People with mild cognitive impairment are three to four times more likely than others to develop Alzheimer’s disease, according to the Mayo Clinic. Considered the most common form of dementia, Alzheimer’s is a neurological disorder that affects your ability to think, speak, reason, remember and move.

The recent findings come from a study of nearly 2,000 residents of Olmsted County, Minn., who ranged in age from 70 to 89. Dr. Rosebud Roberts of the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., and her colleagues followed the participants beginning in the fall of 2004, collecting new data every 12 to 15 months.

Overall, 74 percent of the participants had normal mental function; about 16 percent had MCI; and 10 percent had full-on dementia.

Men were one-and-a-half times more likely to have mild cognitive impairment than women. The prevalence in men increased from 12 percent in men ages 70 to 74 up to 40 percent in the oldest age group, ages 85 to 89. “This was an unexpected finding,” Roberts said during a press briefing, referring to the difference between men and women.

The finding remained the same regardless of a man’s education or marital status.

“These findings are in contrast to studies which have found more women than men, or an equal proportion, have dementia, and suggest there’s a delayed progression to dementia in men,” Roberts said. “Alternately, women may develop dementia at a faster rate than men.”

Continued study of the participants could help to solve this mind puzzle.

“To be able to find out whether the findings are definitive, we need to follow our subjects over time,” Roberts said, “to see if men indeed develop new MCI at a faster rate than women.”

The study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health and the Robert H. and Clarice Smith and Abigail Van Buren Alzheimer’s Disease Research Program

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A slow starvation of the brain over time is one of the major triggers of the biochemistry that causes some forms of Alzheimer’s, according to a new study that is helping to crack the mystery of the disease’s origins.

An estimated 10 million baby boomers will develop Alzheimer’s in their lifetime, according to the Alzheimer’s Association. The disease usually begins after age 60, and risk rises with age. The direct and indirect cost of Alzheimer’s and other dementias is about $148 billion a year.

Robert Vassar of Northwestern University, the study’s lead author, found that when the brain doesn’t get enough of the simple sugar called glucose — as might occur when cardiovascular disease restricts blood flow in arteries to the brain — a process is launched that ultimately produces the sticky clumps of protein that appear to be a cause of Alzheimer’s.

Working with human and mice brains, Vassar discovered that a key brain protein is altered when the brain’s supply of energy drops. The altered protein, called eIF2alpha, increases the production of an enzyme that, in turn, flips a switch to produce the sticky protein clumps.

“This finding is significant because it suggests that improving blood flow to the brain might be an effective therapeutic approach to prevent or treat Alzheimer’s,” Vassar said.

The best ways to improve blood flow to the brain and thereby reduce the chances of getting Alzheimer’s is to reduce cholesterol intake, manage high blood pressure and exercise, especially entering mid-life.

“If people start early enough, maybe they can dodge the bullet,” Vassar said. For people who already have symptoms, vasodilators, which increase blood flow, may help the delivery of oxygen and glucose to the brain, he added. The study is published in the Dec. 26 issue of the journal Neuron.

No candy bars

When it comes to prevention of Alzheimer’s, eating candy bars is not the solution to improving the flow of blood glucose to the brain, Vassar told LiveScience.

A decreasing blood flow to the brain happens over time, as we age, and that slowly starves the brain of glucose. This could be a general aging phenomenon, or it could be that some individuals are particularly prone to it, Vassar said. Also, decreased blood flow is associated with atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries, and hypertension, or high blood pressure.

“We need to improve our cardiovascular health, not eat more sugar,” Vassar said. “What is coming out in terms of the epidemiological studies is that exercise during mid-life is one of the best prevention strategies for Alzheimer’s disease, so people should stay active physically, and they should watch their diets and reduce cholesterol intake, because cholesterol contributes to atherosclerosis, and that is true for the heart and the rest of the body as well as for the brain.”

Vassar said it also is possible that drugs could be designed to block the elF2alpha protein that begins the formation of the protein clumps, known as amyloid plaques.

Earlier Alzheimer’s findings

Ten years ago, Vassar discovered the enzyme, BACE1, that was responsible for making the sticky, fiber-like clumps of protein that form outside neurons and disrupt their ability to send messages.

But the cause of the high levels of the protein in people with the disease has been unknown. Vassar’s new study now shows that energy deprivation in the brain might be the trigger starting the process that forms plaques in Alzheimer’s.

Vassar said his work suggests that Alzheimer’s disease may result from a less severe type of energy deprivation than occurs in a stroke. Rather than dying, the brain cells react by increasing BACE1, which may be a protective response in the short term, but harmful in the long term.

“A stroke is a blockage that prevents blood flow and produces cell death in an acute, dramatic event,” Vassar said. “What we are talking about here is a slow, insidious process over many years where people have a low level of cardiovascular disease or atherosclerosis in the brain. It’s so mild, they don’t even notice it, but it has an effect over time because it’s producing a chronic reduction in the blood flow.”

Vassar said when people reach a certain age, some may get increased levels of the enzymes that cause a build-up of the plaques. “Then they start falling off the cliff,” he said.

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MONDAY, Jan. 5  — Tests in mouse hearts show that sildenafil, the key ingredient in Viagra, may shield hearts from damage caused by high blood pressure, a new study suggests.

Investigators said that sildenafil appears to influence RGS2, a single protein essential in the reactions that initially protect the heart’s blood-pumping function from spiraling into heart failure. The findings, published online Monday in The Journal of Clinical Investigation, suggest that sildenafil may prove useful in the treatment or prevention of heart damage due to chronic high blood pressure.

“Sildenafil clearly prolongs the protective effects of RGS2 in mouse hearts,” senior investigator Dr. David Kass, a cardiologist and professor of medicine at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and its Heart and Vascular Institute in Baltimore, said in a Hopkins news release.

After a week of inducing high blood pressure in the mice, the team found that the hearts engineered to lack RGS2, or regulator of G-protein signaling 2, expanded in weight by 90 percent, and almost half of the experiment animals died of heart failure. In the mice with RGS2, the dangerous muscle expansion, known as hypertrophy, was delayed, growing by only 30 percent, the researchers found, and none of those mice died.

Later testing showed that treating hypertensive mice that had RGS2 with sildenafil showed enhanced buffering, less hypertrophy, and stronger heart muscle contraction and relaxation. In addition, these mice showed as much as 10 times lower stress-related enzyme activity compared to their untreated counterparts. The study also found that sildenafil had no effect in mice lacking RGS2.

The study involved more than a half-dozen experiments, all performed within the last three years, designed to zero in on RGS2’s role in stalling hypertrophy.

“The evidence is piling up that unbridled Gq signaling is driving a central biological chain reaction in heart failure, and that by extending the protective effects of RGS2 or by developing a test for its presence, researchers can develop new therapies or improve existing ones, including ACE inhibitors and possibly sildenafil, for people with heart failure who will benefit most,” Kass said.

Doctors currently use so-called ACE inhibitor and ARB inhibitor drugs to block Gq signaling. These drugs are the most common treatment for heart failure, which afflicts more than 5 million Americans each year, killing more than a quarter million of them, according to the study.

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