Income Tax Act, 1961
Section 13. SECTION 11 NOT TO APPLY IN CERTAIN CASES.
(1) Nothing contained in section 11 or section 12 shall operate so as to exclude from the total income of the previous year of the person in receipt thereof – (a) any part of the income from the property held under a trust for private religious purposes which does not enure for the benefit of the public;
(b) In the case of a trust for charitable purposes or a charitable institution created or established after the commencement of this Act, any income thereof if the trust or institution is created or established for the benefit of any particular religious community or caste;
(c) In the case of a trust for charitable or religious purposes or a charitable or religious institution, any income thereof –
(i) If such trust or institution has been created or established after the commencement of this Act and under the terms of the trust or the rules governing the institution, any part of such income enures, or
(ii) If any part of such income or any property of the trust or institution (whenever created or established) is during the previous year used or applied, directly or indirectly for the benefit of any person referred to in sub-section (3) :
Provided that in the case of a trust or institution created or established before the commencement of this Act, the provisions of sub-clause (ii) shall not apply to any use or application, whether directly or indirectly, of any part of such income or any property of the trust or institution for the benefit of any person referred to in sub-section (3), if such use or application is by way of compliance with a mandatory term of the trust or a mandatory rule governing the institution :
Provided further that in the case of a trust for religious purposes or a religious institution (whenever created or established) or a trust for charitable purposes or a charitable institution created or established before the commencement of this Act, the provisions of sub-clause (ii) shall not apply to any use or application, whether directly or indirectly, of any part of such income or any property of the trust or institution for the benefit of any person referred to in sub-section (3) in so far as such use or application relates to any period before the 1st day of June, 1970;
(d) 355 in the case of a trust for charitable or religious purposes or a charitable or religious institution, any income thereof, if for any period during the previous year –
(i) Any funds of the trust or institution are invested or deposited after the 28th day of February, 1983 otherwise than in any one or more of the forms or modes specified insub-section (5) of section 11; or
(ii) Any funds of the trust or institution invested or deposited before the 1st day of March, 1983, otherwise than in any one or more of the forms or modes specified in sub-section (5) of section 11 continue to remain so invested or deposited after the 30th day of November, 1983; or
(iii) Any shares in a company [not being a Government company 356 as defined in section 617 of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956), or a corporation established by or under a Central, State or Provincial Act, are held by the trust or institution after the 30th day of November, 1983 :
Provided that nothing in this clause shall apply in relation to –
(i) Any assets held by the trust or institution where such assets form part of the corpus of the trust or institution as on the 1st day of June, 1973;
(ia) Any accretion to the shares, forming part of the corpus mentioned in clause (i), by way of bonus shares allotted to the trust or institution;
(ii) Any assets (being debentures issued by, or on behalf of, any company or corporation) acquired by the trust or institution before the 1st day of March, 1983;
(iia) Any asset, not being an investment or deposit in any of the forms or modes specified in sub-section (5) of section 11, where such asset is not held by the trust or institution, otherwise than in any of the forms or modes specified in sub-section (5) of section 11, after the expiry of one year from the end of the previous year in which such asset is acquired or the 31st day of March,1993, whichever is later;
(iii) Any funds representing the profits and gains of business, being profits and gains of any previous year relevant to the assessment year commencing on the 1st day of April, 1984 or any subsequent assessment year.
Explanation : Where the trust or institution has any other income in addition to profits and gains of business, the provisions of clause (iii) of this proviso shall not apply unless the trust or institution maintains separate books of account in respect of such business.
Explanation : For the purposes of sub-clause (ii) of clause (c), in determining whether any part of the income or any property of any trust or institution is during the previous year used or applied, directly or indirectly, for the benefit of any person referred to in sub-section (3), in so far as such use or application relates to any period before the 1st day of July, 1972, no regard shall be had to the amendments made to this section by section 7 [other than sub-clause (ii) of clause (a) thereof] of the Finance Act, 1972.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the [Provisions of clause (c) and clause (d)] of sub-section (1), the income or the property of the trust or institution or any part of such income or property shall, for the purposes of that clause, be deemed to have been used or applied for the benefit of a person referred to in sub-section (3), –
(a) If any part of the income or property of the trust or institution is, or continues to be, lent to any person referred to in sub-section (3) for any period during the previous year without either adequate security or adequate interest or both;
(b) If any land, building or other property of the trust or institution is, or continues to be, made available for the use of any person referred to in sub-section (3), for any period during the previous year without charging adequate rent or other compensation;
(c) If any amount is paid by way of salary, allowance or otherwise during the previous year to any person referred to in sub-section (3) out of the resources of the trust or institution for services rendered by that person to such trust or institution and the amount so paid is in excess of what may be reasonably paid for such services;
(d) If the services of the trust or institution are made available to any person referred to in sub-section (3) during the previous year without adequate remuneration or other compensation;
(e) If any share, security or other property is purchased by or on behalf of the trust or institution from any person referred to in sub-section (3) during the previous year for consideration which is more than adequate;
(f) If any share, security or other property is sold by or on behalf of the trust or institution to any person referred to in sub-section (3) during the previous year for consideration which is less than adequate;
(g) If any income or property of the trust or institution is diverted during the previous year in favour of any person referred to in sub-section (3) :
Provided that this clause shall not apply where the income, or the value of the property or, as the case may be, the aggregate of the income and the value of the property, so diverted does not exceed one thousand rupees; 359 ]
(h) If any funds of the trust or institution are, or continue to remain, invested for any period during the previous year (not being a period before the 1st day of January, 1971) in any concern in which any person referred to in sub-section (3) has a substantial interest.
(3) The persons referred to in clause (c) of sub-section (1) and sub-section (2) are the following, namely :-
(a) The author of the trust or the founder of the institution;
(b) Any person who has made a substantial contribution to the trust or institution, that is to say, any person whose total contribution upto the end of the relevant previous year exceeds [fifty thousand] rupees;
(c) Where such author, founder or person is a Hindu undivided family, a member of the family;
(cc) Any trustee of the trust or manager (by whatever name called) of the institution;
(d) Any relative of any such author, founder, person, [member, trustee or manager] as aforesaid;
(e) Any concern in which any of the persons referred to in clauses (a), (b), [(c), (cc)] and (d) has substantial interest.
(4) Notwithstanding anything contained in clause (c) of sub-section (1) [But without prejudice to the provisions contained in clause (d) of that sub-section, in a case where] the aggregate of the funds of the trust or institution invested in a concern in which any person referred to in sub-section (3) has a substantial interest, does not exceed five per cent of the capital of that concern, the exemption under [Section 11 or section 12] shall not be denied in relation to any income other than the income arising to the trust or the institution from such investment, by reason only that the [Funds of the trust or the institution] have been invested in a concern in which such person has a substantial interest.
(5) Notwithstanding anything contained in clause (d) of sub-section (1), where any assets (being debentures issued by, or on behalf of, any company or corporation) are acquired by the trust or institution after the 28th day of February, 1983 but before the 25th day of July, 1991, the exemption under section 11 or section 12 shall not be deniedin relation to any income other than the income arising to the trust or the institution from such assets, by reason only that the funds of the trust or the institution have been invested in such assets if such funds do not continue to remain so invested in such assets after the 31st day of March, 1992.
Explanation 1 : For the purposes of sections 11, 12, 12A and this section, “trust” includes any other legal obligation and for the purposes of this section “relative”, in relation to an individual, means –
(i) Spouse of the individual;
(ii) Brother or sister of the individual;
(iii) Brother or sister of the spouse of the individual;
(iv) Any lineal ascendant or descendant of the individual;
(v) Any lineal ascendant or descendant of the spouse of the individual;
(vi) Spouse of a person referred to in sub-clause (ii), sub-clause (iii), sub-clause (iv) or sub-clause (v);
(vii) Any lineal descendant of a brother or sister of either the individual or of the spouse of the individual.
Explanation 2 : A trust or institution created or established for the benefit of Scheduled Castes, Backward Classes, Scheduled Tribes or women and children shall not be deemed to be a trust or institution created or established for the benefit of a religious community or caste within the meaning of clause (b) of sub-section (1).
Explanation 3 : For the purposes of this section, a person shall be deemed to have a substantial interest in a concern, –
(i) In a case where the concern is a company, if its shares (not being shares entitled to a fixed rate of dividend whether with or without a further right to participate in profits) carrying not less than twenty per cent of the voting power are, at any time during the previous year, owned beneficially by such person or partly by such person and partly by one or more of the other persons referred to in sub-section (3);
(ii) In the case of any other concern, if such person is entitled, or such person and one or more of the other persons referred to in sub-section (3) are entitled in the aggregate, at any time during the previous year, to not less than twenty per cent of the profits of such concern.
Related Judgements
COMMISSIONER OF INCOME-TAX v. PHALGHAT SHADI MAHAL TRUST.
COMMISSIONER OF INCOME-TAX v. YENNARKAY RAJARATNAM CHARITIES.
K. G. KESHAVA BHAT v. STATE OF KERALA & OR section
DASA BALINJIKA SEVA SANGAM v. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME-TAX.
COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX v. THE 21ST SOCIETY OF IMMACULATE CONCEPTION
